[It's a good thing Caitlyn paid attention to this stuff so she actually knew the answers. But making guns and weapons like them were part of her father's career.]

There's actually grooves inside the barrel that cause the bullet to spin as it fires, which is what makes it stay on course. The accuracy is all dependent on the size of bullet and barrel of the gun. The more energy created as it fires, the more damage it does, as well. [And, of course, knowing how to aim correctly in relation to which type is currently in your hand.]